Franciszek RYCHNOWSKI : Eteroid -- Articles & patent

...Franciszek Rychnowski, Franciszek Dionizy de Welehrad Rychnowski, using the pseudonym Iks won Chyr (last name written backwards) (born on October 3, 1850 in Welehrad in Moravia, died on July 3, 1929 in Lviv) - Polish entrepreneur, engineer, physicist, photographer and inventor. He owned 21 Austrian, Hungarian and German patents for heating boilers, air-conditioning and electric appliances...

He came from an old Polish gentile family in Moravia, the Arma coat of arms; from the union of father Antoni Rychnowski and mother Józefa née Juepfer. He was married to Maria's teacher .

He was studying at the college of OO. Piarists in Lipnik near Olomouc, then he studied at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Vienna University of Technology. Already in his youth he was interested in physics, mainly caloric (the science of heat properties), electrics and phototechnics .

The first invention, a calorific apparatus reducing fuel combustion, was patented in 1878, receiving at the World Exhibition in Paris the great silver and the first gold medal of the French Nationale Academy, also receiving the diploma of its honorary member. The technology developed by him has found application in heating buildings and brewing, enabling consumption of less than one burnt tree during one beaker of beer, instead of six are used up to now. Thanks to this innovation in 1875, he received from Zamojski the order to modernize the Krasiczyn brewery.

Around 1877 he settled in Lviv. From that moment, for most of his life, he lived in the city center in a private tenement no. 15 where his wife Maria Rychnowska ran a Private Female Teachers' Seminar. The national marshal, Prince Adam Sapieha , brought him to the city. At his request, Rychnowski constructed a ventilation system in the new building of the Lviv parliament. In 1879 he built dynamoelectric machines designed for lighting the parliamentary chamber in the newly erecting building of the Seym in Lviv, for which he obtained the imperial-royal patent . Thanks to the implementation of his projects, Rychnowski became a well-known engineer gaining a number of new orders, including improved the paper mill in Czerlany and the residence of the Habsburgs in Chernivtsi .

In Romania, he introduced a number of innovations in heating systems at the Sinaia castle, receiving a gold medal of merit from the Serviciu Credincios I class from the Romanian King Charles I . He also built a fully automated kitchen in Jassach and worked on technical improvements of the church of the Three Prelates. In 1888, Rychnowski was the first to install radiators for heating the Krakow Cloth Hall .

In the 1890s , Franciszek Rychnowski patented and described in the " Technical Period " a furnace for central heating of flats. He was an employee of the Polytechnic School in Lviv and a member of the Polytechnic Society in Lviv. In 1902 at the Polytechnic Society exhibition he presented his products . In 1918, during the Polish-Ukrainian war, Rychnowski became the commander of the Civil Guard of the City of Lviv.

He died in Lviv in 1929 and was buried in the quarters 11 at the Rakowicki Cemetery in Krakow.
Spheres of Rychnowski's plasma.

In 1891, he observed electrical anomalies, and in 1896, to further research on them, created a machine thanks to which, he claimed, he discovered an unknown matter that is a new form of energy, which he named elektroid . About his discovery in the same year, he informed the world's Academies of Skills in St. Petersburg , Rome , Stockholm , Philadelphia and Krakow . The discovery gained international renown and wrote about it scientific and technical press in Europe, among others Revue du Monde Invisible , Die ûebersinnt. Welt , La Radiographie , Psychologische Studien, Electrical Engineer and popular press such as Le Radical. A number of Polish titles were written about engineer Rychnowski and electro-electricians. The first event was described by " Kurjer Warszawski ", and later also " Tygodnik Ilustrowany ", " Czas ", " Kosmos ", "Krytyka" and many others. In his weekly chronicles on July 2, 16 and 30, 1899, the discovery was also mentioned by Boleslaw Prus. Yes, Illustrated weekly described the acquisition of elektroid:

"From the machine, the electroid floats with rustling through the tube; you feel a refreshing smell and a cool breeze. Objects, put in a tube, are thrown out with such force that they break the hole in the paper diaphragm. In the darkroom, the electroid flows out in the form of a light ball. Void vessels round near in vain then shine with lunar light, they show the shrine of gravity, they attract other vessels and objects, they finally show a double movement: rotation about one's axis and about a sheaf of light. Elektroid is a very subtle matter, but it seems to be a dragonfly; exerts pressure on the walls of the vessel, it can also be collected and stored in the vessel for a few days. Falling at an angle on the plate, the electro-reflector is reflected at the same angle in the form of a visible sheaf of light, at the same time it creates a radiant star on the disc, whose shines reveal themselves and change into glowing balls. On the photo plate, the electoid acts even through the body, impervious to ordinary light."

Rychnowski compared the electroid to an ether having energy, which only then is effective and can affect other bodies when it encounters some obstacle in its path that will activate it. The electroid concept was later called the etheroid conception. In the assumption of the discoverer, the etheroid is the life energy that is the basis of all physical phenomena. Later similar ideas were also voiced by other scientists Henri Bergson - élan vital and Wilhelm Reich with orgone, which together with the theory of Eng. Rychnowski are currently considered a pseudoscience that has not been scientifically proven. Already at the time of publication in the media, polemics arose. At that time, the inventor's lab in Lviv was visited by another famous Polish inventor - Jan Szczepanik , and the engineering committee from the Lviv Polytechnic was observing the process of creating an electroid. However, they were unable to take an unequivocal position on this subject due to closure by Eng. Rychnowski's backstage of the whole process and construction details of the device.

Szczepanik, who participated in demonstrations for journalists organized by Rychnowski, also took a tour to the invention. He stated that for some effects obtained by the inventor, there is no need for a new, mysterious force, because they can be explained on the basis of conventional science, but he also admitted that he can not explain certain things without access to source data. Szczepanika irritated the atmosphere of mystery and sensation created around the electroid by the media and the inventor himself. However, it has never unequivocally confirmed or crossed out the truth of the theory . Rychnowski kept his secret until the end of his life, taking him to the grave and therefore the controversies accompanying the invention may become the subject of polemics also today.

In the 1920s, he published two books under his pseudonym and on his own, in which he described some controversial theories. In the book Mane tekel fares. 44 memories from the past. Fragments of results from forty-year-old curative treatments under the academic name of curfewing, charlatanism and deceitful suggestion describe their therapeutic method, and in the book Omnia in sole. Scientific reminiscences their scientific hypotheses. He signed the publications with palindrome "Iks won Chyr" created from his name Rychnowski ....

http://www.sandbox.uibk.ac.at/item?objid=17551

Das Wesen der Elektricitat und das Problem der Sonnenstrahlung (1923)
Franz W. de Rychnowski
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Electrostatic generation of Eteroids

Eteroids